Elaborations

• explaining the responses of governments and organisations to environmental threats (for example New Zealand’s anti-nuclear policy, the United States’ Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act 1980 (CERCLA), Australia’s Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report (2009)
• evaluating the effectiveness of international protocols and treaties such as Kyoto (1997), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (since 1992) and the Washington Declaration (2007)