Elaborations

• recognising that the written alphabet used by the Romans is the basis for the modern English alphabet, although some letters are pronounced differently, for example, u/v; i, c and g
• mimicking or copying the restored pronunciation of Latin words, individually or with peers
• matching script to sound, using the restored pronunciation, for example, single consonants, long and short vowels, vowels before final m, diphthongs, h and aspirated h, consonant combinations/clusters as in ingens, magnus, urbs
• distinguishing i as a vowel and as a consonant, for example, intrat; ianua
• using the spoken stress of Latin, and dramatic expression appropriate to the tone and purpose of a text
• acknowledging the absence of punctuation in Latin in comparison with English, for example, by working with a sentence spelt out with no pauses between words
• recognising conventions of punctuation used by editors of Latin texts to assist comprehension