Elaborations

• exploring different samples of particular types of texts, such as recounts, reports and advertisements, and analysing the relationships between audience, purpose, context and language features to predict the meaning of unfamiliar vocabulary
• exploring the ways in which content is developed in different types of texts, and how ideas and information are sequenced, for example, headings, paragraphing, topic sentences, elaborations, and topic/idea shifts
• identifying and comparing language features of different text types, for example, the use of first person (mình/tôi), descriptive (trẻ trung/xinh đẹp/thông minh/hiền lành/dịu dàng) and emotive language (buồn bã/hoang mang/vui mừng/hạnh phúc) in personal recounts and diary entries
• recognising linguistic choices made according to the text’s intended audience and degree of formality, for example, changing personal pronouns or tone to indicate changes in relationship between participants or degree of (in)formality
• analysing how language choices help achieve particular purposes and effects, for example, descriptive language to promote a product, evaluative language to reflect on an experience or to review a literary work, persuasive language to influence audience, or humorous techniques to entertain
• understanding the use of text conventions such as culturally appropriate salutations and forms of address (depending on relationship or social status) in specific text types such as letters, speeches or interviews, for example, kính thưa/thưa/thân mến/thương mến/kính chào/chào
• understanding that texts have different purposes (to persuade, to entertain), different audiences (children, adolescents, Vietnamese or Australian people) and different structures and formats (diary entry, blog post, formal letter, interview, report, speech)