Elaborations

• explaining adjustments they make when moving between English- and Vietnamese-speaking contexts, for example, adjusting the way they communicate to adults and authority figures in Vietnamese by using ‘please’ (Dạ, phải. Thưa bác), or the use of different introductions depending on the participants, such as using Thưa ba mẹ, đây là Nam, bạn con to introduce friends to their parents and Đây là Hải, bạn tôi to introduce friends to each other
• identifying adjustments they make when interacting in an Australian-English context, for example, using different forms of address, or different ways of showing politeness, and discussing why these adjustments are appropriate
• reflecting on instances when moving between Vietnamese- and English-speaking contexts has felt comfortable, awkward or difficult and explaining why this might be the case
• discussing the ways they communicate with Vietnamese speakers, for example, making appropriate eye contact, allowing for personal space, and making language choices to show respect to elderly people, parents and teachers; and drawing comparisons with the ways they communicate with English speakers