Elaborations

• discussing cultural similarities and differences between ways of interacting with different people, such as peers, family members or teachers, in Vietnamese- and English-speaking contexts
• recognising the interconnections between cultural practices and language use in Vietnamese and demonstrating cultural awareness when using Vietnamese, for example, using Dạ, thưa to indicate politeness, or adding ông, bà, thầy, cô, … before Vietnamese names rather than addressing Vietnamese adults only by their first names, to show respect
• identifying traditional cultural practices and related language use that supports the sustainable consumption of resources, for example, cất những túi nhựa đi chợ để dùng lại
• recognising both the literal and cultural meanings of Vietnamese names and understanding Vietnamese naming traditions, for example, that Vietnamese people traditionally list their family name first, then their middle name, and their first (given) name last
• exploring how language carries cultural ideas, such as Tết Nguyên đán, Tết Trung thu, đám giỗ, thôi nôi, đầy tháng
• learning metalanguage to discuss the relationship between language and culture in Vietnamese and English, using metalanguage, for example, ý nghĩa (‘meaning’), sự khác biệt (‘difference’) and cách cư xử (‘behaviour’)