Elaborations

• viewing and/or listening to different forms of traditional and contemporary Vietnamese arts and entertainment, such as painting, photography, (water) puppetry, dance, music, theatre and cinema, and discussing how practices and beliefs may have changed over time, for example, comparing tranh dân gian Đông Hồ with tranh sơn dầu; dân ca with nhạc trẻ; cải lương/ kịch with phim; and trò chơi dân gian with trò chơi điện tử
• discussing common features of forms of entertainment, for example, analysing technical effects such as sound effects and background music, lighting, scenery, costumes or make-up, and narrative effects such as what makes an engaging plot and inspiring characters
• comparing how common themes such as love, friendship, beauty, home, happiness and success are represented in traditional and contemporary Vietnamese arts and entertainment
• recognising how characters’ feelings and attitudes are expressed through language, such as use of language features such as emotive language, for example, hạnh phúc, vui mừng, phấn khởi, buồn bã, cô đơn, xót xa, bồi hồi
• discussing with peers how social context and cultural values influence a writer’s representation of issues and topics, for example, how the author’s background or concept of filial piety shapes the characters’ reactions and decisions in regard to their relationships
• comparing the values, beliefs, attitudes, emotions and language of characters in traditional and contemporary Vietnamese arts and entertainment, analysing how values have changed over time and explaining possible reasons for these changes, for example, contrasting the original story Sự Tích Ông Táo with its modern comedy version
• analysing the use of images, sounds, gestures and language in songs, films and performances to explain how they convey Vietnamese cultural values and practices