Elaborations

• recognising that greetings and terms of address in Vietnamese vary according to participants, for example, bowing the head or saying dạ/thưa/kính thưa when interacting with elderly people
• noticing how language varies according to the relationship between the speakers and the context of communication, for example, the influence of relationships on the choice of personal pronouns (con chào mẹ, cháu chào ông bà, em chào cô, em chào anh)
• recognising that there can be different terms of address for the same person depending on their age and relationship with the speaker, for example ông, bà, bác, cô, chú, anh, chị, em…