Understanding

Systems of language

Understand that each letter has its own sound and there are no digraphs or trigraphs in Punjabi

Understand that Punjabi has no silent letters

Build an understanding of the vowels, corresponding symbols and sounds (lagaan) by using muharni

Understand that Punjabi has special symbols, called lagakhar (ਲਗਾਖ਼ਰ), which are represented with a bindi (ਂ) or a tippee (ੰ) and the adhak (ੱ). Adhak doubles the sounds and changes the meaning of a word – for example, ਪਕਾ(cook) and ਪੱਕਾ (firm/ripe) – but is only used with mukta, sihari and aunkur

Use the Punjabi sound system, Punjabi print conventions and basic punctuation (full stop) to write simple sentences; for example, ਇਹ ਅੰਬ ਹੈ। ਅੰਬ ਫਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਰਾਜਾ ਹੈ। ਅੰਬ ਪੀਲੇ ਰੰਗ ਦਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਅੰਬ ਮਿੱਠਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮੈਨੂੰ ਅੰਬ ਖਾਣਾ ਚੰਗਾ ਲੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ।

Notice the use of simple punctuation to end a sentence (I) and a question (?)

Generate language for a range of purposes in simple spoken and written texts by noticing and using context‑related vocabulary and elements of the Punjabi grammatical system, including

  • using words to express an idea, quality or state; for example, ਖੁਸ਼ੀ, ਗ਼ਮੀ
  • using simple sentences to compare an object’s or subject’s qualities; for example, ਸੰਦੀਪ ਲੰਬਾ ਹੈ। ਸੰਦੀਪ ਸਿਮਰਨ ਤੋਂ ਲੰਬਾ ਹੈ। ਸੰਦੀਪ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਲੰਬਾ ਹੈ।
  • using words to show emphasis; for example, ਜ਼ਰੂਰ, ਬਿਲਕੁਲ – ਮੇਰੀ ਗੱਲ ਬਿਲਕੁਲ ਨਾ ਭੁੱਲਣਾ।
  • noticing that the gender or number of the object impacts the verb; for example, ਮੇਜ਼ ਟੁੱਟ ਗਿਆ।; ਕੁਰਸੀ ਟੁੱਟ ਗਈ।; ਸਾਰੇ ਗਲਾਸ ਟੁੱਟ ਗਏ।
  • understanding that sentences with an intransitive verb have no object; for example, ਸਿਮਰਨ ਗਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ।
  • becoming aware of subject+object+verb as the grammatical sequence in a Punjabi sentence
  • recognising that some postpositions do not change form in a sentence, like ਨੇ, ਨੂੰ; for example, ਮਾਂ ਨੇ ਬੱਚੇ ਨੂੰ ਰੋਟੀ ਦਿੱਤੀ।, ਮਾਂਵਾਂ ਨੇ ਆਪੋ-ਆਪਣੇ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਰੋਟੀ ਦਿੱਤੀ।
  • experimenting with common conjunctions like ਤੇ/ਅਤੇ to write compound sentences; for example, ਜੂਲੀ ਅਤੇ ਗੀਤਾ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਹੀਆਂ ਹਨ।
  • using words, phrases and simple sentences to ask and answer questions; for example, ਤੁਹਾਡਾ ਨਾਮ ਕੀ ਹੈ?  ਮੇਰਾ ਨਾਮ....ਹੈ।; ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਜਾ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ? ਮੈਂ ਘਰ ਜਾ ਰਿਹਾ/ਰਹੀ ਹਾਂ। ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਜੀ ਕਦੋਂ ਆ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ? ਮੇਰੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਜੀ ਪਰਸੋਂ ਆ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ।
  • recognising simple present, past and future tenses in familiar sentences; for example, ਮੀਤਾ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੀ ਹੈ। ਹਰਮਨ ਪੜ੍ਹਦਾ ਸੀ। ਹੁਸਨਾ ਪੜ੍ਹੇਗੀ।
  • experimenting with changing the gender of masculine words ending with mukta and kanna by adding/replacing these endings with bihari; for example, ਕਬੂਤਰ, ਕਬੂਤਰੀ; ਨਾਨਾ, ਨਾਨੀ
  • adding kanna and a bindi to pluralise the words ending with mukta sound; for example, ਤਰ-ਤਰਾਂ
  • understanding that adding a letter/s can invert the meaning of the word; for example, adding ਅ to the root word creates the antonyms, ਸ਼ੁੱਧ, ਅਸ਼ੁੱਧ
  • recognising that different words can have the same meaning; for example, ਉਜਾਲਾ, ਚਾਨਣ; ਸੰਤੋਖ, ਸਬਰ
  • using Punjabi words for telling the time; for example, ਸੱਤ ਵਜੇ, ਨੌ ਵਜੇ
  • becoming aware that in India there are six seasons, ਸਰਦੀ, ਬਸੰਤ, ਗਰਮੀ, ਸਾਵਣ, ਪੱਤਝੜ, ਬਹਾਰ
  • recognising the Punjabi words for directions, such as East (ਪੂਰਬ) and North (ਉੱਤਰ)
  • developing cardinal number knowledge for 31 to 40

Begin to develop a metalanguage in Punjabi for talking about language, using terms similar to those used in English

Recognise the particular language features and textual conventions in simple and familiar spoken, written and multimodal Punjabi texts

Language variation and change

Understand and demonstrate how language use varies according to the participants’ age, gender and relationship, and the context of use

Role of language and culture

Notice differences between Punjabi, Australian and other cultures’ practices and how these are reflected in language