Transmission of heritable characteristics from one generation to the next involves DNA and genes (ACSSU184)

The atomic structure and properties of elements are used to organise them in the Periodic Table (ACSSU186)

Different types of chemical reactions are used to produce a range of products and can occur at different rates (ACSSU187)

The universe contains features including galaxies, stars and solar systems, and the Big Bang theory can be used to explain the origin of the universe (ACSSU188)

Global systems, including the carbon cycle, rely on interactions involving the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere (ACSSU189)

Energy conservation in a system can be explained by describing energy transfers and transformations (ACSSU190)

The motion of objects can be described and predicted using the laws of physics (ACSSU229)