Years 9-10 Arabic Syllabus
Years 9-10 Syllabus
Years 9-10 Band Level Description
In Years 9 and 10, Arabic language learning builds on each student’s prior learning and experiences. Students use Arabic to initiate and sustain interactions while sharing their own and others’ experiences of the world. They listen, speak, read, view, and write to communicate with other speakers of Arabic in local and global settings through authentic community and online events. Background-language learners and second-language learners may support each other in their literacy development. Background-language learners may raise awareness of, and facilitate class involvement in, local community events. Students continue to receive guidance, modelling, feedback and support from peers and teachers.
Students use authentic and purpose-developed resources, increasingly of their own choice, to access and/or create a range of spoken, written and multimodal texts which may include traditional and contemporary literature, textbooks, audio and video clips, magazines, online and print articles, and social media. Students understand and use the conventions of Arabic punctuation and spacing. Background-language learners may source resources from their local and global communities to share with peers. Students acknowledge that language and culture shape identity and that these influences can shape their own behaviours, beliefs and values. They acknowledge that there are diverse influences on ways of communication and cultural identity, and that these influences can shape their own behaviours, beliefs and values.
Years 9-10 Achievement Standard
By the end of Year 10, students initiate and sustain Arabic language to exchange and compare ideas and experiences about their own and others’ personal worlds. They communicate using non-verbal, spoken and written language to collaborate, plan and reflect on activities and events. They interpret and analyse information and ideas in texts and demonstrate understanding of different perspectives. They synthesise information and respond in Arabic or English, adjusting language to convey meaning and to suit context, purpose and audience. They use structures and features of spoken and written Arabic to create texts.
Students apply features and conventions of spoken Arabic to enhance fluency. They select and apply knowledge of language conventions, structures and features to interact, make meaning and create texts. They support discussion of structures and features of texts, using metalanguage. They reflect on their own language use and cultural identity, and draw on their experience of learning Arabic, to discuss how this learning influences their ideas and ways of communicating.
Years 9-10 Content Descriptions
Interacting in Arabic
initiate and sustain interactions in familiar and some unfamiliar contexts to exchange ideas, opinions and experiences about their own and others’ personal worlds
using a range of greetings in different contexts, depending on the relationship, time of day and level of formality, for example, حضرتُكَ، حضرتُكِ، حضرة المديرة، حضرة رئيس البلدية، صباح الخير سيدتي، مساء الخير مدرّستي
initiating and sustaining conversations, and responding respectfully to different views on topics of interest such as ماذا فعلت في عطلة نهاية عطلة الأسبوع؟ كيف أتيت إلى المدرسة؟ ما هي المواد التي تدرسها؟
exchanging personal information and requesting details from others من أي بلد أنت؟، هل تحبين تعلم اللغة العربية؟ ما هي آلتك الموسيقية المفضلة؟
- using interjections, exclamations and filler words to maintain flow, fill gaps, and build fluency, for example, من فضلكم تعالوا وشاهدوا مسرحيتنا
agreeing or disagreeing with others’ opinions on a range of familiar topics and justifying responses, for example, لا أوافقك الرأي ، يجب أن تفعل ... ، يعتقد صديقي بأنّ ... ولكن أنا أعتقد ...
sharing information about their family history or discussing generational influences, for example, في عطلة نهاية الأسبوع، ذهبت إلى مطعم لأحتفل بعيد ميلادي مع الأصدقاء والعائلةأتعلّم اللغة العربية حتى أتواصل مع جدّي وجدّتي في الخارجأريد أن أصبحَ مهندساً كجدّي
discussing wishes, desires and future plans, such as career aspirations, weekend/holiday plans, dream purchases, for example, أتمنى أن أصبح طبيباً لأساعدَ المهاجرين، أودّ أن أهاجر إلى بلدي السنة القادمة، أتمنّى أن أشتريَ سيّارةً بعد تخرّجي من الصف الثاني العاشر
interacting in hypothetical situations relating to travel, such as losing property, catching public transport, asking for recommendations, complaining about services, for example, اذهب بهذا الإتّجاه انعطف يميناٌ ... هل يمكنك أن تقترح مطعماً عربياً جيداً؟
- initiating written exchanges such as writing to a student in an Arabic-speaking country, requesting information and responding appropriately, for example, أخبرني عن حياتك في سورية
use Arabic language in exchanges to question, offer opinions and compare and discuss ideas
discussing aspects of daily life with peers or young people from Arabic-speaking communities, such as etiquette at mealtimes, opinions about schooling, pastimes, celebrating significant events, for example, لا أحب الإستماع إلى الموسيقى، بل أحب قراءة الكتب، ماذا عنك؟لا أحب أن ألعب الرياضة يوميا، عيد رأس السنة الميلادية هو من أجمل الأعياد بالنسبة لي!
- engaging in social interactions with peers and teachers, for example, accepting and declining invitations, making excuses and apologising, using appropriate forms of politeness and respect, for example, اعذرني لا استطيع أن آتي إلى حفلة عيد ميلادك
- participating in a mock interview for a part-time job or volunteer work, answering questions and discussing ideas, for example, لماذا تريد أن تعمل هنا؟ أحب مساعدة الناس
- interacting in class routines by requesting, advising and apologising, or clarifying meanings and instructions, for example, هل يمكنني أن استعير قلمك؟ من فضلك ساعدني
supporting and justifying their own ideas regarding lifestyle choices, for example, أتناول الطعام المتنوع والصحي من أجل حياة أفضل، أقرأ الكتب المتنوعة حتى أنمي لغتي العربية.
- participating in class discussions or activities to express opinions and reflect on those of others, for example, a game of ‘4 corners’, where students move according to their opinion and then respond to others in opposing corners
- discussing their responsibilities at home and at school, comparing with those of young people living in Arabic-speaking countries, and noting the relative importance of concepts such as taking care of parents as they age
use non-verbal, spoken and written exchanges to discuss, plan and reflect on activities, events and experiences with peers
- participating in real or simulated transactions and negotiations that involve buying and selling, for example, bidding for an item online, ordering food for a class celebration or negotiating purchases of learning resources
planning a task cooperatively by dividing activities among peers, for example, إنها مفيدة/مثيرة للإهتمام، معقدة
- organising an interview with a local celebrity or significant person from an Arabic-speaking community, researching the person’s achievements and discussing with peers the appropriate questions to ask
- organising a campaign or designing resources such as website posts, posters, or flyers to promote action and raise awareness on social or environmental issues, for example, أغلق الصنبور للحفاظ على المياه
- participating in real or simulated excursions to cultural sites or exhibitions, for example, famous museums and places of worship, sharing responsibility for different elements of a multimodal report on the experience
reflecting on the success of a school activity promoting the Arabic language and culture, and discussing improvements for future planning, for example, لقد كان نشاطاً مدرسياً ناجحا ولكن علينا أن ننتبه على تنظيم الوقت بشكل أفضل
Mediating meaning in and between languages
interpret information, ideas and perspectives in a wide range of spoken, written and multimodal texts and respond appropriately to cultural context, purpose and audience
accessing multimodal texts detailing lifestyles in Arabic-speaking countries, identifying features of ways of life that reflect modernity or tradition and summarising findings, for example, في العصر الحالي الناس يستخدمون السيارات بدلا من ركوب الجمال
responding to ideas presented in various texts such as traditional poems, films, songs or video clips and identifying and classifying words, expressions or references that convey information about culture or context, for example, أسلوب القصيدة مشوق، الشاعر يستخدم أسلوب التشبيه للتعبير عن الصداقةإيقاع الأغنية يعبر عن مشاعر الأم تجاه ابنهاكنت وحيدا بلا صديق يؤنسني وقت الضيق
surveying members of the local Arabic-speaking community regarding suggestions about local facilities and activities and creating a proposal to present to the local council such as a community garden, volunteer activities, sports or clubs, for example, أودُّ أن أنظم يوما لتنظيف الحدائق، أريدُ أن أؤسس فريقا لكرة القدم في منطقتنا
- listening to or reading First Nations Australian authors’ stories in English and creating a profile of them in Arabic
- collecting examples of good news or success stories related to their school, homes or local communities, for example, sporting achievements or successful fundraising, and sharing their findings in formats such as digital displays or newsletter contributions
researching different perspectives of an issue in different media such as news, social media posts or magazines and using the information obtained in debates or persuasive texts, for example, تلوث ، اكتظاظ ، تمييز
- analysing traditional Arabic folktales and fables such as حكايات جحا، حكايات عالمية قصص الشعوب and discussing the morals portrayed in these
adapting information from a text for a different purpose, incorporating the main points, for example, information from a formal email summarised in a short text message to a parent such as عزيزتي ...أكملي الواجب في الوقت المحدد/هاي ماما عليَّ أن أكمل فرضي
apply strategies to interpret and translate non-verbal, spoken and written interactions and texts to convey meaning and intercultural understanding in familiar and unfamiliar contexts
- translating Arabic and English texts and noticing unfamiliar words or expressions and reflecting on challenges associated with transferring meaning from one language to another
- comparing translations of the same text, commenting on similarities and differences between versions and considering possible reasons for these
- reflecting on the importance of non-verbal elements of communication, such as hand gestures, head movements and facial expressions, and how these are sometimes used to mean different things in different cultures
- identifying culture-specific vocabulary and expressions such as تقبّل فائق الاحترام , and discussing strategies for choosing words that best reflect the intended meaning and context
- paraphrasing English words or expressions that have no equivalent in Arabic, such as ‘mufti day’ or ‘fundraiser’
- evaluating information from different sources for relevance and cultural appropriateness for example, facts from reliable website versus social media or word-of-mouth, and discussing potential issues that may arise from using inaccurate information
- reflecting on the difficulty of achieving equivalence in translations of creative texts such as poems, songs and film clips, identifying words and phrases that require particular elaboration or explanation
- identifying similarities and differences between own ways of communicating and interactions between young Arabic speakers in different contexts, for example, the expression of politeness or turn-taking in conversations
exploring a range of Arabic and English idioms and proverbs and discussing the social and cultural values and perspectives they reflect, for example, من جدَّ وجد، ومن زرعَ حصد، ومن سار على الدرب وصلالوقتُ كالسيف إن لم تقطعه قطعكليس الفقير من فقد الذهب، بل الفقير فقير العلم والأدب
Creating text in Arabic
create spoken, written and multimodal, informative and imaginative texts, selecting vocabulary, expressions, grammatical structures and textual conventions for familiar and some unfamiliar contexts and purposes, to engage different audiences
presenting persuasive texts such as posters, advertisements or the script of a speech on topics such as recycling, sustainability or circular fashion, for various audiences, for example, إنه من الضروري أن نحافظ على البيئة بعدة طرق، منها إعادة التدوير
informing others in the school community about an issue of interest, call to action, or upcoming events in texts such as notices and newsletter announcements, for example, إعلان هامستحتفل مدرستنا بيوم المعلم العالمي يوم الإثنين القادم في صالة المدرسة نرحب بحضور الجميعالرّياضة ضرورية للصحة، المأكولات السريعة وأضرارها، الألعاب الإلكترونية وتأثيرها السلبي على العائلة
creating a multimodal resource to introduce Arabic-speaking tourists or recent migrants to different features and aspects of Australian life such as cultural and linguistic diversity, local attractions, animals, dangers, and outback exploration, for example, أماكن سياحية رائعة كدار الاوبرا والجبال الزرقاء
- writing a journal entry, or contributing to a school newsletter in Arabic reflecting on the impact of a visit to a significant cultural location on a First Nations Country/Place, and, with permission, referring to cultural knowledge of the site
researching a popular tourist site or attraction in an Arabic-speaking country and writing about a traveller’s experience in the third person, for example, سافر سمير إلى البتراء، وشاهد المعابد التراثية القديمة والجمال في الصحراء
reporting on own and others’ experiences such as holidays or school camp, for example, بالنسبة لي الرحلة كانت ممتعة بينما بعض التلاميذ شعروا بالملل، بالرغم من الساعات الطويلة التي قضيناها في الطريق إلا إنني لم أشعر بالتّعب لكن أصدقائي كانوا متعبين
writing a procedure for younger students to follow, with steps and diagrams, for example, dances or recipes تبولةافرم البقدونس والنعنع والبندورة أضف عصير الليمون والملح والزيت والبرغل
creating a video tour of the school for Arabic-speaking exchange students or new students, with commentary about classrooms, subjects, canteen menu and facilities, for example, الطعام في الكافيتريا لذيذ جداً، الرياضة مادة مهمة
- creating alternative versions of traditional Arabic stories by introducing new characters, scenes or different endings, for example, ألف ليلة وليلة، سندباد
expressing imagined experiences in texts such as poems and video clips that relate to significant celebrations or events in both Australia and the Arabic-speaking world, for example, عيد الأم، عيد الأنزاك، العيد الوطني الأسترالي، الأعياد الدينية
Understanding systems of language
apply features of the Arabic sound system, including pitch, rhythm, stress, pronunciation and intonation, and show how these are represented in familiar and some unfamiliar contexts
- pronouncing الشدة and السكون
- applying prior knowledge of pronunciation and sound conventions to predict spelling and sound of unfamiliar words during class dictation, reading aloud or transcribing
- using the rhythms of the Arabic language, including intonation, tone and stress, to increase fluency and enhance expression
- recognising the need for pauses or changes of tone in complex sentences with embedded clauses
- listening to a range of audio texts at various speeds such as phone messages and announcements, to develop strategies and techniques to infer meaning
- noticing how intonation and tone of voice can convey emotions and shade meaning, such as distinguishing between colloquial or formal language, for example, حقًا؟ يا إلهي! تعال إلى هنا حالاً
using onomatopoeia in sentences for literary effect in texts such as comics and stories, for example, بوم بوم! أسمع أصوات الألعاب النارية في ليلة رأس السنة...
reciting difficult tongue twisters or making their own, to improve pronunciation, fluency and pace, for example, روحي وروحك يا روحي روحين بروح مطرح متروح روحك روحي بتروحقفص قصب في قفص خشب
select and use structures and features of the Arabic grammatical and writing systems to enhance meaning and create spoken, written and multimodal texts
- applying punctuation and spacing rules between words and using their knowledge of writing conventions such as paragraphing and sequencing to create texts, and typing in Arabic
- recognising that certain letters in Arabic appear in different variations, for example, ة ،ت
using plural demonstrative pronouns and pronouns such as ‘we, you and they’ in Arabic نحن مدرّسون، هم طلّاب، هذا طالب مجتهد، هؤلاء الطلاب
expanding their knowledge of noun-adjective agreement, for example, هؤلاء معلّمون بارعون، هؤلاء طالبات مجتهدات
identifying possession idaafa and attached possessive pronouns for singular and plural, for example, هذا بيتُ يوسف/ هذا بيته، هذا سريري، هذه غرفتكَ، كتابكِ، حقيبة نور/هذه حقيبتها، صف التلاميذ/ صفوفكم، سيارة العائلة
using س /سوف with the present tense to express future plans, for example, سوف أذهب إلى الجامعة، سأسافر مع أهلي، ،سوف أشتري سيارة، سوف أعمل في مطعم
using a range of conjunctions such as أو ,ف ,لكن, to connect sentences, for example, ما ذهبت سارة لكن هيفاء كل فطيرة أو كعكة
using interrogative words and expressions, for example, لِمَ أنتَ هُنا؟ هل تريد هذا الكتاب؟
using subjunctive mood to express doubt, uncertainty, or emotion, for example, قد أسافر في العطلة، ربما نذهب يوم السبت إلى السينما
describing people and objects, using comparatives and superlatives, for example, هذا أقلّ من ذاك، الكتاب أخفّ من القاموس، الماء أفضل من المشروبات الغازية
applying rules of negation in a range of sentences, for example, لن أتصل بك، لم أتأخرعن الدرس، ليس عندي وقت
using imperative verb forms to persuade, encourage, and give advice, for example, تابع مجهودك، حاولْ مرَّة ثانية، هيَّا يا سامر لنذهب إلى المعلم ونسأله، لا تعاشر اصحاب السوء لأنهم يضيعون وقتك
using a range of irregular adjectives to describe number, shape and colour, for example, تقميص أحمر، حقيبة حمراء، قلم أخضر، ممحاة خضراء، شكل مدور، مثلث، مربع، مستطيل
using adverbial phrases to expand on ideas and provide further information, for example, متأخراً ، باكراً، دائماً، مسرعاً
applying gender and number agreement, for example, خمسة أقلام، خمس ساعات، ثلاث طالبات، ثلاثة طلاب
using ordinal numbers to count the hours, minutes and seconds with half and quarter past the hour, for example, أُريدُ أَن أَحجُز طاوِلَة في الساعَة الوَاحِدَة والرُبع، في الساعة التاسعة إلا عشر دقائق
reflect on and evaluate Arabic texts, using metalanguage to discuss language structures and features
- recognising the significance and cultural importance of features of different types of texts in Arabic and English, such as forms of address or language associated with rituals or celebrations, and understanding how these vary according to the context, occasion and intended audience
- using metalanguage to identify grammatical similarities and differences between Arabic and English, such as word order, sentence types, verb moods, verb tenses, possessive pronouns, gender agreement, script
- analysing persuasive texts such as advertisements, slogans or speeches, recognising the use of rhetorical devices and emotive language to engage the intended audience
- noticing and explaining differences in text structure and grammar between formal and informal Arabic and English use, for example, between the structure of a business letter and an informal email
comparing spoken and written forms of familiar types of texts in Arabic and English such as spoken and written apologies, spoken storytelling and written reports, noticing differences in grammatical, expressive, and textual features, for example, من فضلك اقبل إعتذاري، أعتذر /أقدّم إعتذاري ، أنا آسف/ آسفة
Understanding the interrelationship of language and culture
reflect on and explain how identity is shaped by language(s), culture(s), attitudes, beliefs and values, and how these affect ways of communicating
identifying and discussing how values or attitudes are reflected in Arabic and English, including the concept of punctuality reflected in language such as لن تهرب الحفلة ، لا تستعجل, and social interactions such as expressing indirect thanks, apologies or appreciation, for example, أشكرك شكراً جزيلاً على جهودك الرائعة، لا شكر على واجب، تقبل مني أصدق الإعتذار، أعتذر على الخطأ الذي بدر مني.
- analysing language and cultural practices that are interconnected, for example, by identifying religious origins or connotations associated with places such as أورشليم المقدسة، كربلاء، دير حريصا، مكة المكرمة or by identifying ways in which the residual influences of traditional lifestyles are preserved in language
- interviewing bilingual people about the experience of using more than one language, for example, by asking questions, “Do you identify more strongly with one language?”, “Do you express yourself differently in each language?”, “Why/how?”
- reflecting on and explaining the protocols required to authentically co-create an Acknowledgement of Country/Place with a First Nations Australian, to present in Arabic for a group of Arabic-speaking visitors at a school assembly
examining the meaning of Arabic proverbs and sayings and how they reflect traditional cultural views, ideas and attitudes, for example, الصديق وقت الضيق، أنا وأخي على ابن عمي وأنا وابن عمي على الغريبالعقل السليم في الجسم السليم، عصفور باليد أحسن من عشرة على الشجرة
- comparing texts created for different audiences in diverse Arabic-speaking regions and countries, noticing how language reflects priorities, values, beliefs and identities of specific communities
identifying words used in colloquial Arabic that fuse Arabic and English, such as in film, advertising, to capture trends, convey concepts and engage with intercultural experience, for example, غوغل، شاير، هاشتاغ لايك
recognising that Arabic carries histories of contact with other languages and cultures, for example, by identifying and classifying borrowed words or terms that originate from other languages that have been ‘Arabised’ (ta’reeb) such as طماطم ، أوتوبيس ، بيتزا ، ساندويتش ، أطلس
- investigating the nature and use of the Arabic language in different contexts, for example, asking Arabic-speaking students in Australia when they use Arabic or English, with whom, how and why
- investigating their own cultural and linguistic biographies to discover more about family heritage, migration and history, and reflecting on how this can contribute to their identity and understanding family beliefs and values